經濟金融中英翻譯
辦理存款業務
to take deposits
保護農民的生產積極性
to protect farmers'incentive to produce
備付金（超額準備金）
excess reserves
本外幣并賬
consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts
經濟金融中英翻譯
本外幣對沖操作
sterilization operation
本位利益
localized interest;departmentalism
奔小康
to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do
避稅（請見“逃稅”）
tax avoidance
幣種搭配不當
currency mismatch
不變成本
fixed cost
不變價
at constant price;in real terms
不動產
real estate
不良貸款（資產）
problem loans；non-performing loans（assets）
財務公司
finance companies
財政赤字
fiscal deficit
財政擠銀行
fiscal pressure on the central bank（over monetary policy）
操縱匯率
to manipulate exchange rate
產品構成
product composition;product mix
產品積壓
stock pile;excessive inventory
產銷率
current period inventory;
長期國債
treasury bonds
炒股
to speculate in the stock market
承購包銷
underwrite（securities）
成套機電產品
complete sets of equipment;complete plant（s）
城市信用社
urban credit cooperatives（UCCs）
城市合作銀行
urban cooperative banks;municipal united banks
城市商業銀行
municipal commercial banks
城鄉居民收入增長超過物價漲幅
real growth in household income
持續升溫
persistent overheating
重復布點
duplicate projects
重置成本
replacement cost
重組計劃
restructuring plan
籌資渠道
funding sources;financing channels
初見成效
initial success
出口統一管理、歸口經營
canalization of exports
出口退稅
export tax rebate
儲蓄存款
household deposits
儲蓄分流
diversion of household deposits
從價稅
ad valorem tax
從緊控制
tight control
存貸款比例
loan/deposit ratio
存款保險體系
deposit insurance system
存款貨幣銀行
deposit money banks
存款準備金
required reserves
大額存單
certificate of deposit（CD）
大額提現
withdraw deposits in large amounts
大面積滑坡
wide-spread decline
大一統的銀行體制
（all-in-one）mono-bank system
呆賬（請見“壞賬”）
bad loans
呆賬準備金
loan loss reserves（provisions）
呆滯貸款
idle loans
貸款沉淀
non-performing loans
貸款分類
loan classification
貸款限額管理
credit control;to impose credit ceiling
貸款約束機制
credit disciplinary（constraint）mechanism
代理國庫
to act as fiscal agent
代理金融機構貸款
make loans on behalf of other institutions
戴帽貸款
ear-marked loans
倒逼機制
reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition
道德風險
moral hazard
地區差別
regional disparity
遞延資產
deferrable assets
訂貨不足
insufficient orders
定期存款
time deposits
定向募集
raising funds from targeted sources
東道國（請見“母國”）
host country
獨立核算
independent accounting
短期國債
treasury bills
對沖操作
sterilization operation;hedging
發行貨幣
to issue currency
發行總股本
total stock issue
法定準備金
required reserves;reserve requirement
法人股
institutional shares
法人股東
institutional shareholders
法治
rule of law
房地產投資
real estate investment
放松銀根
to ease monetary policy
非現場稽核
off-site surveillance（or monitoring）
非銀行金融機構
non-bank financial institutions
非贏利性機構
non-profit organizations
風險暴露（風險敞口）
risk exposure
風險管理
risk management
風險意識
risk awareness
風險資本比例
risk-weighted capital ratios
風險資本標準
risk-based capital standard
服務事業收入
public service charges;user's charges
負增長
negative growth
改革試點
reform experimentation
杠桿率
leverage ratio
杠桿收購
leveraged buyout
高息集資
to raise funds by offering high interest
公開市場操作
open market operations
公款私存
deposit public funds in personal accounts
公有經濟
the state-owned sector;the public sector
公有制
public ownership
工業成本利潤率
profit-to-cost ratio
工業增加值
industrial value added
供大于求
supply exceeding demand;excessive supply
鼓勵措施
incentives
股份合作企業
joint-equity cooperative enterprises
股份制企業
joint-equity enterprises
股份制銀行
joint-equity banks
固定資產貸款
fixed asset loans
關稅減免
tariff reduction and exemption
關稅減讓
tariff concessions
關稅優惠
tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment
過度膨脹
excessive expansion
過熱跡象
signs of overheating
紅利
dividend
宏觀經濟運營良好
sound macroeconomic performance
宏觀經濟基本狀況
macroeconomic fundamentals
宏觀調控
macroeconomic management（or adjustment）
宏觀調控目標
macroeconomic objectives（or targets）
壞賬
bad debt
還本付息
debt service
換匯成本
unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings
匯兌在途
funds in float
匯兌支出
advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank
匯率并軌
unification of exchange rates
活期存款
demand deposits
匯率失調
exchange rate misalignment
貨款拖欠
overdue obligations to suppliers
擠提存款
run on banks
擠占挪用
unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated uses）
技改投資
investment in technological upgrading
技術密集型產品
technology-intensive product
計劃單列市
municipalities with independent planning status
計劃經濟
planned economy
集體經濟
the collective sector
加大結構調整力度
to intensify structural adjustment
加工貿易
processing trade
加快態勢
accelerating trend
加強稅收征管稽查
to enhance tax administration
加權價
weighted average price
價格放開
price liberalization
交投活躍
brisk trading
繳存準備金
to deposit required reserves
境外投資
overseas investment
競爭加劇
intensifying competition
局部性金融風波
localized（isolated）financial disturbance
開辦人民幣業務
to engage in RMB business
可維持（可持續）經濟增長
sustainable economic growth
可變成本
variable cost
可自由兌換貨幣
freely convertible currency
控制現金投放
control currency issuance
扣除物價因素
in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis
庫存產品
inventory
跨國銀行業務
cross-border banking
跨年度采購
cross-year procurement
會計準則
accounting standard
L
來料加工
processing of imported materials for export
離岸銀行業務
off-shore banking（business）
理順外貿體制
to rationalize foreign trade regime
利率杠桿的調節作用
the role of interest rates in resource allocation
利潤驅動
profit-driven
利息回收率
interest collection ratio
聯行清算
inter-bank settlement
連鎖企業
franchise（businesses）;chain businesses
良性循環
virtuous cycle
流動資金貸款
working capital loans
流通體制
distribution system
貿易差額
trade balance
內債
domestic debt
扭虧為盈
to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one
扭曲金融分配
distorted allocation of financial resources
農副產品采購支出
outlays for agricultural procurement
農村信用社
rural credit cooperatives（RCCs）
P
泡沫效應
bubble effect
泡沫經濟
bubble economy
培育新的經濟增長點
to tap new sources of economic growth
片面追求發展速度
excessive pursuit of growth
平衡發展
balanced development
瓶頸制約
bottleneck（constraints）
平穩回升
steady recovery
鋪底流動資金
initial（start-up）working capital
普遍回升
broad-based recovery
配套改革
concomitant（supporting）reforms
配套人民幣資金
local currency funding of…
Q
企業辦社會
enterprises burdened with social responsibilities
企業集團戰略
corporate group strategy
企業兼并重組
company merger and restructuring
企業領導班子
enterprise management
企業所得稅
enterprise（corporate）income tax
企業效益
corporate profitability
企業資金違規流入股市
irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market
欠稅
tax arrears
欠息
overdue interest
強化稅收征管
to strengthen tax administration
清理收回貸款
clean up and recover loans
（破產）清算
liquidation
傾斜政策
preferential policy
區別對待
differential treatment
趨勢加強
intensifying trend
缺乏后勁
unsustainable momentum
R
繞規模貸款
to circumvent credit ceiling
人均國內生產總值
per capita GDP
人均收入
per capita income
人民幣升值壓力
upward pressure on the Renminbi（exchange rate）
認繳資本
subscribed capital
軟貸款
soft loans
軟預算約束
soft budget constraint
軟著陸
soft landing
S
三角債
chain debts;inter-enterprise arrears
善政廉政
good governance
商業貸款
commercial loans
上市公司
（publicly）listed corporations
設備利用
capacity utilization
社會保障
social safety net;social security（insurance）
深層次矛盾
deep-rooted structural imbalance
審批金融機構
to license financial institutions
審慎監管
prudential supervision
生產能力閑置
unutilized capacity
生息資產
interest-bearing assets
實際利用外資
disbursement of foreign capital;actual inflow of foreign investment
實際有效匯率
real effective exchange rate
實時
real time
實收資本
paid-in capital
實現利潤
realized profit
市場分割
market segmentation
市場經濟
market economy
市場占有率（市場份額）
market share
市場準入
market access（指商品和勞務的進入）；market entry（指機構的審批）
市價總值
market capitalization
適度從緊
appropriately tight
適時調節
timely adjustment
收回對金融機構貸款
to recall central bank loans （to financial institutions）
稅后還貸
amortization（repayment of loans）after tax
稅收流失
tax erosion
稅源不足
weak tax base
私營經濟（私人經濟）
the private sector
私有制
private ownership
經濟金融術語漢英對照表 (表三)
T
逃稅
tax evasion
調節流動性
to influence liquidity level
貼現窗口
discount window
同比
on year-on-year basis;over the same period of the previous year
同業拆借（放）
inter-bank borrowing（lending）
同業拆借市場利率（中國）
CHIBOR（China inter-bank offered rate）
同業往來
inter-bank transactions
透支
overdraft
退稅
tax refund（rebate）
吞吐基礎貨幣
adjustment of monetary base
再貸款
central bank lending
在國際金融機構儲備頭寸
reserve position in international financial institutions
在人行存款
deposits at （with） the central bank
在途資金
fund in float
專款專用
use of funds as ear-marked
經濟金融中英翻譯
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